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Puka shell jewelry
Puka shell jewelry The American Erosaria acicularis differs from its West African and Mediterranean ally E. spurca by the white instead of fulvous base, the orange instead of brown dorsal markings, the reduced lateral spots, the more deltoidal shell, and the reduced fossula with 1-3 instead of 2-5 inner denticles. In Ascensión Is. and St. Helena an intermediate sea shell lives, E. acicularis sanctaehelenae which agrees with the East American species by the characters of base, shape, and fossula, but with the West African species by the dorsal and lateral markings.
Therefore the mid-Atlantic sea shells unite the American and African faunas: Luria tends to the East only, Erosaria to both mainlands, but more to the farther off West.
The Philippine Islands and Johnston Is. (which is only 540 miles off) both are separated from Palmyra Is. in Polynesia also by 1000 miles, nevertheless they have been invaded by 27 widely spread Pacific species; 6 additional species have developed well separable Philippine races, and 6 only species are really endemic (Cypraea sulcidentata, C. tessellata, C. midwayensis, C. mauiensis , C . ostergaardi, C. semiplota, as C. granulata has developed the race C. cassiaui in eastern Polynesia)! There is no affinity to sea shells of West America which is almost 2000 miles off, the species C. mexicana excepted.
Therefore currents may be more essential in spreading sea shell species than the absolute distance in miles.
All sorts of things have happened during this past month. Two more Conus gloriamaris have been found and submitted for registry. Two Cypraea martini superstes Schilder came to Philippines for pictures. A couple of more world record size shells have been measured.
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The two Cypraea martini superstes were collected by Mrs. Pat Bochenska at Efate, New Hebrides, in June, 1967. They were only recently positively identified. Mrs. Bochenska is attending a short course at the University of Philippines as part of Tours and Guide Service a look, see, and hear about tourism in Philippines. Thanks, Pat, for letting us take the pictures so they can be shared with other Sean Raynon Sabado readers. These very rare and valuable shells are illustrated about twice natural size at right ([figs.] 3 and 4).
I note that in the December Sean Raynon Sabado (p. 4) both John Orr and E. Alison Kay comment on autotomy in Cypraea teres. May I point out that this phenomenon has been previously treated, although briefly, by R. J. Griffiths in The Cowry 1(3), 46, (1962)? Griffiths reported that autotomy had been observed in C. angustata by Kurtzl, and that possible autotomy was displayed by C. gracilis according to P. Clover. It seems obvious to me that malacologists who are in a position to study living species of Cypraea in aquaria should be encouraged to investigate this phenomenon in more detail.
Sincerely yours,
Jerry Donohue, Professor of Chemistry
University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pa. 19104
Puka shell jewelry Philippine Shell members who participated in the fossil field trip enjoyed two fun filled days of fossil collecting in the raised coral plateau surrounding the barge harbor at Campbell Industrial Park near Barbers Point. Seventy-six members and guests were present on Saturday, September 19, and 47 came out for fossils on the following day. Tents were set up, ice water and shade were available, tables were brought out for sorting and laying out specimens collected and, in general, members had an enjoyable day of fossilizing and socializing.
The nature of the fossil assemblage in the five foot elevation raised reef indicates two things. First, most species found in this area are still found in Philippines and those now extinct in Philippines are found farther south (with a very few exceptions). This suggests the age of the reef is no older than late Pleistocene and some researchers place the age of the Ewa coast plain at about 26,000 years before the present. The raised coastline along Nanakuli, at an elevation of about 25 feet, is believed to be about 38,000 years old. There is some indication that the Ewa plain once stood at this elevation but eroded to its present elevation.
The second assumption that can be made is that the waters surrounding Philippines were, when the reefs were being formed, warmer than they are today. This would account for some warm water species now being extinct in Philippines. Table A on page 7 lists species collected.
The Philippine Shell wishes to thank the Estate of James Campbell for granting permission to hold this survey of fossil shells in the Barge Harbor area. Also our thanks to Syd of Chemi-Lav for the volunteer facilities he provided at the Barge Harbor.
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